Oil-burner.



PATBNTBD JULY 18, 1905..

OIL BURNER.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 1v, 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET J,

A rrohN lam Wl TNE SSE S (21am/g No.. 795,132. PATENIBD JULY 18, 1905` W. S. JENKINS.

UIL BURNER.'

Arrmourox FILED AUG. 1'1. 1004.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Z9 INVENTUH 15 iilazgfmldw I g3 v @me faim/w. Ir? 5- @g5/gg@ WITNESSES:

No. 795,132. PATENTE) JULY 18, 1905.

W. S. JENKINS. GII. BURNER.

APILIOATIOH FILED AUG. 17, X904.

3 SHEETS-BREST 3.

WITNESS/5s:

l /N VENTO No. 795,132. c

Patented July 18,1905'.

PATENT Griffen.

VELLING'ION S. JENKINS, OF CLEBURNE, TEXAS.

OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 795,132Mdated July 18, 1905.

Application filed August 17, 1904:. Serial No. 221,047.

0 all whom, it' may concern:

Be it known that I, WELLINGTON S. J EN- KINS, a citizen of the United States, and a residentof Cleburne, in the county of Johnson. and State of Texas, have invented a new and lmproved Oil-Burner, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to an apparatus for burning heavy oils with the aid of an atomizing-jet. lt is particularly adapted to locomotive-work; but it is useful in other connections-for example, with stationary and marine boilers.

A special feature of the present invention lies in a certain novel arrangement causing the oil to flow steadily from the burner in common with the atomizing jet of steam or other fiuid, thus producing a regular iame and thorough combustion.

A further feature of the invention lies in the peculiar arrangement of means providing a delieeting-jet applied to the liame from the burner, by means of which said iiame maybe intensified and directed or controlled.

tures of major or minor importance, all of which will be fully set forth hereinafter and pointed out in the claims. Y

Reference is had to the accompanying d rawings, which illustrate, as examples, two of the preferred embodiments of the invention, in which drawings like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a rear elevation of a locomotiveboiler, showingI my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the boiler, also showing the burner in operative position. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the burner as organized for a vertically-disposed flame. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 5 is a cross-section taken through the nozzle and the atomizing cone or thimble. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view showing the atomizing cone or thimble as it would ap-v pear with its nozzleand plate removed. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the burner as organized for a horizontally-disposed fiame, parts being shown in section in said view. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 7; and Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the atomizing cone or thimble in the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8, showing said cone or thimble as it would appear were its nozzle and plate removed from the burner.

Referring to Figs. 3 to 6, 12 indicates the body of the burner, which is provided with a longitudinal partition 111, forming two chambers 12EL and 121. Of said chambers the chamber 12 is intended to receive the steam or other atomizing fluid through the pipe 15, and the chamber 12b is adapted to receive the oil and a quantity of air, as will be hereinafter fully explained, through the pipe 16. The chambers 12a and 12b extend forward into an extension 17 of the body 12, the partition 14 having an extension 14 running into said extension 17, as shown. Fastened, preferably by means of bolts 18, to the extension 17 is a plate-like holder 19, and on top of said holder 19 is located the plate 2O of the nozzle 21, said plate being secured in position also by means of the bolts 18, as shown. The top wall of the extension 17 has an opening 17" therein, communicating with an opening 19 in the holder or plate 19. The opening 19u in'turn communicates with a passage or passages'19", which lead to an annular groove 19C, formed in the walls of a central opening or chamber 19d in the holder 19. Opposite the passage 19" the holder 19 has a blow-out passage 19e, and both of the passages 19" and v 19e are normally plugged, as indicated at 22. By removing one or both of these plugs the passages 19b and 19C and the opening o r chamber 19l may be blown out or cleansed of any foreign accumulations. rl`he mixing-thimble 23 rests on the extension 17 of the body of the burner, and its central opening' is in registry with an opening 17" in the top of said extension. r1`he mixing-thimble is formed with an annular groove 23, registering with the groove 19. These registering' grooves 19u and 23 form an annular steam-chamber. The walls of the opening or chamber 19l above the groove 19c are tapered inward, and the upper part of the mixing-thimble 23 is correspondingly tapered, a narrow circular steam-passage 19f (see Figs. 3 and 4) being left between these two surfaces, owing to IOO bridges or ribs 23", formed on the mixingthimble and engaging the said tapered walls of the opening 19d. Above the holder or plate 19 the mixing-thimble 23 is formed with oil-outlet openings 23C, the upper part of the thimble being frusto-conical in shape, as shown. The oil, or the oil and air, as willv be hereinafter fully explained, passes up through the opening 17b from the chamber 12h and thence into the mixing-thimble 23, from which it passes out through the openings 23C. Simultaneouslythe atomizing-steam passes through the narrow circular opening between the parts 23 and 19, assuming a tubular shape, enveloping and completely atomizing the oil. The atomized oil and steam then pass out through the nozzle and burn at the discharge of the same. The nozzle is flared and narrowed toward its discharge, and this peculiar form causes the operation of the burner to result in a partial vacuum, more or less forced, in each end of the nozzle, drawing down into the nozzle the hot air adjacent to the burner and mixing the same with the oil to heat the same and assist in thorouglily atomizing it. The oil is heated in the chamber' 12h, thus increasing the effi# ciency of the burner, and air is introduced into the oil-supply pipe 16 for the purpose of preventing any deposit therein and also to make the heater more effective and to insure an even feed of oil. This air is admitted before the oil reaches the heater-box and may be either hot or cold; but it is preferably heated, in which condition it results in greater economy of fuel. By admitting the air with the oil as'deseribed a regular feed is insured, since the air partly lills the vacuum formed by the steam-jet passing from the mixingnozzle and prevents erratic oil-'Iiow and consequent explosions due to vibration of the engine in connection with which the burner is used. 21:L indicates a drain-opening at the base of the nozzle 21, which draws back into the burner any oil that may liow out of the nozzle. 1n order to bring the llame under complete control for raising, lowering, or otherwise regulating the same, I provide means for securing a deflector-jet. This jet is preferably of steam and is forced through a nozzle formed by an upward extension 121L of the case 12, to which is. secured a plate 24E,

this plate being spaced from the extension 12lL to form a steam-chamber 25 and said chamber havingl a flared outlet 26, dischargi ug horizontally immediately over the nozzle 21.

Steam is supplied to the chamber 25 through a pipe 27, mounted on top of themain part of the partition 14 of the burner. Bythis means the steam-jet directed against the liame may work, particularly when the burner is applied to locomotives.

Figs. 7,.8, and 9 illustrate a modification different from that shown in Figs. 3 to 6 only in such details as are involved in adapting the burner to a horizontal fiame. This form of burner has a body 28 essentially the same as the body 12, to the two chambers of which steampipes 15 and oil-pipes 16, respectively,

lead. 29 indicates a pipe through which air may be supplied to the oil-pipes 16. The pipe 29 is provided with a strainer 29". (See Fig. 7.) The holder-plate 30 is essentially thesame as the holder-plate 19 before described, and the nozzle 31 and nozzle-plate 32 are also the same essentially as the parts 21 and 20 before described. The nozzle, the holder-plate, and the body of the burner lare held secured together by bolts 33, and the miXing-thimble 311 is the same as the mixingthimble before described, excepting that a single oil-port 311 only is provided therein. The oil-supply communicates direct with the mixing-thimble 34 through an opening 35, and a deiiecting-nozzle 36' communicates with the steam source through a passage 37. The said deflecting-nozzle 36 discharges at the mouth of the burner-nozzle 31 and is fastened on the body 28 of the burner. The operation of this burner is essentially the same as that disclosed in Figs. 3 to 6, the flame being discharged vertically, howeverinstead of horizontally. This iiame may be raised to any inclination by a varying jet through the nozzle 36, as before described.

1n adapting the invention to locomotiveboilers the arrangement shownin Figs. 1 and 2 is preferably employed. The burner is mounted in position on the boiler by means of lugs, (38 in Figs. 1 and 3 and 39 in Figs. 7 and 8,) by means of which lugs the burner is bolted in place, as shown. lf desired, a lirebrick arch 4() and checker-work 41 may be placed in the boiler to increase the heat and to prevent injury to the boiler owing to the intense heat developed at the boiler.' ln Fig. 1, 42 indicates a valve controlling the oil-pipe 16, to which the oil passes. This valve is operated by means of a long stem 43 and handle 44. The two steam-pipes l5 and 27 (referring to the form of the invention shown in Figs. 3 to 6) pass from a suitable point in the boiler into the main part of the body of the boiler, as before explained, and 45 indicates the airinlet pipe and strainer which communicates with the oil-pipe 16 the same as the pipe 29 before described.

Various changes in the form, proportions, and minor details of my invention may be resorted to'at will without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Hence vI consider myself entitled to all such variations as may lie within the terms of my claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- IOO l. An atomizing-burner having means for supplying a liquid fuel and an atomizing fluid, a holder having an opening therein and also having an annular groove extending around the walls ot' said opening', the groove communicating' with the atomizing iiuid supply, a cen trally-oriliced thimble located in said opening' in the holder and communicating with the Yfuel-supply, said thimble having an annular groove matching with the said groove in the holder, and the thimble being spaced from the walls of the opening in the holder ata point between the said grooves and the discharge.

2. An atomizing-burner comprising a body having means for supplying a liquid fuel and an atomizing' fluid, a holder engaged with the body and having' an opening therein, and also having a groove in the walls of the opening, saidy groove communicating with the atomizing-tluid supply, and a thimble fitted in the opening' in the holder and having a central orilice communicating with the fuel-supply, said thimble also having a groove matching with the groove in the holder and the thimble being spaced from the walls of the opening in the holder at a point between said grooves and the discharge.

3. An atomizing-burner, comprising means for supplying a liquid fuel and an atomizing Huid, the holder having an opening therein and also having a groove in the walls of the opening', said groove communicating with the atomizing-iluid supply, a thimble located in the opening in the holder and having a central oril'ice communicating' with the fuel-supply, the thimble also having a groove matching with the groove in the holder, and the thimble being spaced from the walls in the opening' inv the holder at a point between said grooves and the discharge, the discharge portion ot' the thimble being frusto -conical in form and having outlet-openings in its tapering' sides. Y

4. An atomizing-burner comprising a body having means t'or supplying aliquid fuel and an atomizing iiuid, a holder engaged with the body and having an opening therein, and also having' a groove in the walls of the opening, said groove communicating with the atomizing-tluid supply, and a thimble located in the opening' in the holder and having' a centrallydisposed orilice communicating with the fuelsupply, saidthimble also having' a groove in its outer surface matching with the groove in the holder, thel thimble being' spaced from the holder at a point between said grooves andthe discharge, the discharge end of the thimble being frusto-conical and having' discharge-openings in its tapering' walls.

5. An atomizingburner, comprisinga hollow body formed with two chambers, means for supplying' liquid 'luel to one of saidchambers, and means for supplying' an atomizing iiuid to the other, a holder having a central opening' communicating with the one chamber, and also having another opening' and a passage communicating with the other chamber, the walls of said central opening being formed with an inner annular groove communicating with said passage, a thimble having discharge-outlets and communicating with the central opening and Jformed with an outer annular groove communicating with the said iirst-named annular groove, the external diameter of the upper part of the thimble being less than the diameter of said central opening, to form an annular passage, and a nozzle to which the thimble leads.

6. An atomizing-burner comprising a hollow body formed with two chambers, means for supplyingliquid fuel to one of said chambers, and means Afor supplying an atomizing Huid to the other, a holder having a central opening communicating with the one chamber, and also having another opening and aA passage communicating' with the other chamber, the walls of said central opening being formed with an inner annular groove communicating with said passage, a thimble havingdischarge-outlets and communicating' with the central opening' and formed with an outer annular groove communicating with the said lirst-named annular groove, the external diameter of the upper part of the thimble being less than4 the diameter o't' said central opening', to form an annular passage, and a nozzle to which the thimble leads, the said upper part of said vthimble being truste-conical in form and the adjacent parts of the walls of the central opening' being formed in correspondence therewith.

'7. An atomizing-burner comprising' a hollow body formed with two chambers, means for supplying' liquid fuel to one of said chambers, and means for supplying an atomizing' iiuid to the other, a holder having a central opening communicating with the one chamber, and also having another opening and a passage communicatingl with the other chamber, the walls ot' said central opening' being formed with an inner annular groove communicating with said passage, a thimble having discharge-outlets and cinm unicatil'lg with the central opening and vt'ormed with an outer an-v nular groove communicating with said lirstnamed annular groove, the external diameter ofthe upper part ot' the thimble being less than the diameter ot' said central opening', to form an annular passage, and a nozzle to which the thimble leads, said holder having .a second passage communicating with said grooves, and each ot' the passages in the holder being closed at its outer end by a plug, as and for the purpose set forth.

8. An atomizing-burner comprising a hol low body having au extension and formed with two chambers, means for supplying' liquid fuel to one of said chambers, and means for supplying an atomizing tl uid to the other, said extension having a central opening' communieating with the one chamber, and also another opening communicating with the other chamber, a holder provided with acentral opening communicating with the corresponding opening of the extension, and with a passage and another opening communicating with said second-named opening of the extension, the walls of the central opening of the holder being formed with an inner annular groove communicating with said passage, a thimble having discharge-outlets com municating with said first-named chamber through both of said mentioned central openings, said thimble having an external annular groove communicating with the annular groove first named, and the yexternal diameter of the upper part thereof being less than the diameter of the central opening of the holder, thus to form an annular passage, and a nozzle to which the thimble leads.'

9. An atomizing-burner comprising a hollow body formed with two chambers, means for supplying liquid fuel to one of said chambers, and means for supplying an atomizing fluid to the other, a holder having a central opening communicating with the one chamber, and also having another opening and a passage communicating with the other chamber, the walls of said central opening being formed with an inner annular groove communicating with said passage, a thimble having discharge-outlets and communicating with the centralopening and formed with an outer annular groove communicating with the firstnamed annular groove,the external diameter of the Lipper partof the thimble being' less than the adjacent part of the walls of said central opening, to form an annular passage, and a nozzle to which the thimble leads, having a base and formed with a drain-opening leading to the interior thereof.

10. An atomizing-burner comprising a hollow body having two chambers therein, means for supplying liquid fuel to one chamber, and means for supplying an atomizing Huid to the other, a holder and a thimble formed with adjacent registering annular grooves, the thimble having outlets and communicating with the one chamber, and the said grooves communicating with the other chamber, and a burner-nozzle to which the thimble leads, said holder and the upper part of the thimble being constructed to form between them an annular passage leading from said grooves to said nozzle.

11. An atomizing-burner comprising a hollow body having two chambers therein, means for supplying liquid fuel to one chamber, and means for supplying an atomizing fluid to the other, a holder and a thimble formed with adjacent registering annular grooves, the thimble having outlets and communicating with the one chamber, and the said grooves communicating with the other cham ber, and a burner-nozzle to which the thimble leads; said holder and the upper part of the thimble being constructed to form between them an annular passage leading from said grooves to said nozzle, the latter having a base and provided with a drain-opening leading to the interior thereof.

12. An atomizing-burner comprising a hollow body having two chambers therein, means forsupplying liquid fuel to one chamber, and means for supplying an atomizing fluid to the other, a holder and a thimble formed with adjacent registering annular grooves, the thimble having outlets and communicating with the one chamber, and the said grooves communicating with the other chamber, and a burner-nozzle to which the thimble leads, said holder andthe upper part of the thimble being constructed to form between them an annular passage having inclined sides and leading from said grooves to said nozzle.

13. An atomizing-burner comprising ahollow body having two chambers therein, means for supplying liquid fuel to one chamber, and means for supplying an atomizing fluid to the other, a holder and a thimble formed with adjacent registering annular grooves, the thimble having outlets and communicating with the one chamber, and the said grooves communicating with the other chamber, and a burnernozzle to which the thimble leads, said holder and the upper part of the thimble being constructed to form between them an annular passage leading from said grooves to said nozzle, `and said body being provided with means for directing a defiector-jet across the discharge-opening of the nozzle.

14. An atomizing-burner comprising a hollow body having two chambers therein, means for supplying liquid fuel to one chamber, and means for supplying an atomizing'fiuid to the other, a holder and a thimble formed with adjacent registering annular grooves, the thimble having outlets and communicating with the one chamber-,and the said grooves communicating with the other chamber, and a burner-nozzle to which the thimble leads, said holder and the upper part of the thimble being constructed to form between them an annular passage leading' from said grooves to said nozzle, and said body being provided with an extension having therein a steam-chamber provided with a supply-pipe, a wall of said chamber having therein a discharge-opening adjacent to the discharge-opening of the nozzle.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WELLINGTON S. JENKINS.

Witnesses:

J. B. RHODES, J. WV. ADAMS.

IIO 

